The name "Johannesburg" means in Afrikaans and Dutch "the village (burg) of Johann". This first name refers to two characters from the South African Republic of Transvaal who played an important role in the founding of the city in 1886: Vice-President Christiaan Johannes Joubert and First Inspector General Johann Rissik.

The city of Johannesburg is locally known as Joburg, J'burg, The Wild City or Jozi. His Zulu name is eGoli which means "city of gold" (via gold), which gave his name to a famous television soap opera: Egoli: Place of Gold. Eddy Grant calls her Jo'anna in her song Gimme Hope Jo'anna.

The region around Johannesburg was originally inhabited by San hunters who used stone tools. It is proven that they lived there ten centuries ago. The ruins of the stone walls of the towns and villages of Sotho-Tswana are scattered around the parts of the ancient Transvaal in which Johannesburg is located.

By the mid-eighteenth century, the wider region was largely populated by various Sotho-Tswana communities (a language branch of speakers of Bantu), whose villages, towns, chiefdoms, and kingdoms stretch from present-day Botswana to the west today.

Many Sotho-Tswana towns and villages near Johannesburg were destroyed and their inhabitants were massacred during the wars that erupted during the expansion of the Zulu Kingdom (Mfecane) in the early ^nineteenth century.

From 1835 onwards, the first Boers, driven out by the British from the Cape region which they had occupied since the seventeenth century, began to flow during the Grand Trek.

Boer period

Johannesburg in 1896.

A tent camp is set up by Ignatius Ferreira in what will become Ferreirasdorp, the oldest part of the city, which in ten years becomes the main urban area of the Transvaal. The development of Johannesburg is linked to the discovery of gold in 1886 (hence its Zulu name: Goli means "the city of gold"). The city grew extremely rapidly, with the opening of a stock exchange, the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, in particular, in 1887. In a decade, the city of Johannesburg had 100,000 inhabitants.

Like many mining towns in the late nineteenth century, Johannesburg was a rugged and disorganized place, populated by white miners from all continents, African tribes hired to do unskilled mining, African beer brewers who cooked and sold beer to black migrant workers, a huge number of European prostitutes, gangsters, impoverished Afrikaners, traders and other people. of "AmaWasha" zulus, which dominated the laundry work. As the value of land control increased, tensions arose between the Boer-dominated Transvaal government in Pretoria and the British, culminating in the Jameson Raid that led to the Doornkop fiasco in January 1896. During the Second Boer War (1899-1902) British forces led by Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts occupied the town on 30 May 1900 after a series of battles southwest of its then-boundary, near the present Krugersdorp.

The fighting took place at Gatsrand Pass (near Zakariyya Park) on May 27, north of Vanwyksrust - the current Nancefield, Eldorado Park and Naturena - the next day, leading to a massive infantry attack on the current Chiawelo and Senaoane water crest. May 29

During the war, many black African miners left Johannesburg, causing a labor shortage, which the mines compensated with labor from China, especially from southern China. After the war, they were replaced by black workers, but many Chinese stayed behind, creating the Chinese community in Johannesburg, which during the apartheid period was not legally classified as Asian, but as Colored. The population in 1904 was 155,642, of which 83,363 were white (53%).

Within the South African Union

Aerial view of Johannesburg in 1911. At the top of the photo, Joubert Parc and Park Station

Pritchard Street circa 1940

In 1917, Johannesburg became the headquarters of the Anglo American company founded by Ernest Oppenheimer, which eventually became one of the largest companies in the world, dominating both the gold and diamond mines in South Africa. Major real estate investments took place in the 1930s (Art Deco buildings), after the abandonment of the gold standard. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Hillbrow neighborhood grew strongly. In 1951, under the new apartheid laws, the township of Soweto was designed to accommodate only black residents. New highways have encouraged the development of suburbs north of the city. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, skyscrapers (including the Carlton Center and the Southern Life Center) occupied the skyline of the central business district.

In March 1960, Johannesburg witnessed numerous anti-apartheid protests in response to the Sharpeville massacre. In July 1963, South African police raided a house in the outskirts of Johannesburg, Rivonia, where nine members of the banned African National Congress (ANC) were arrested on charges of sabotage. Among the nine arrested were an Indo-South African, two white and six black, one of whom was the future President Nelson Mandela.

On June 16, 1976, protests erupted in Soweto following a government decree that black schoolchildren be educated in Afrikaans, not English. After police shot at the protests, anti-apartheid riots started in Soweto and spread to the Johannesburg region. Around 575 people, mostly black, were killed in the Soweto riots in 1976. Between 1984 and 1986, South Africa was beset by a series of national demonstrations, strikes and anti-apartheid riots, and the black townships around Johannesburg were the scene of the most fierce battles between police and anti-apartheid protesters.

Post-apartheid period

Park Station in downtown in 2009.

The city center (Central Business District) began to decline in the 1980's and 1990's, owing to high crime rates, redirecting capital from property speculators to suburbs. The Sandton Shopping Center was opened in 1973, followed by the Rosebank Mall in 1976 and Eastgate in 1979.

On March 28, 1994, in the run-up to the 1994 elections, some fifty Inkatha Freedom Party protesters were killed by ANC guards during the Shell House massacre.

In the 2000s, the level of crime in Johannesburg fell, with the economy stabilizing and beginning to grow. Between 2001 and 2006, Rand 9 billion (US$1.2 billion) was invested in the city center. Additional investments of around Rand 10 billion (US$1.5 billion) are expected in the city center alone by 2010, not to mention development projects directly related to the 2010 World Cup. To prepare for Johannesburg's 2010 FIFA World Cup, the local government has called on Rudy Giuliani, a former mayor of New York, to help bring down the crime rate, as the tournament's opening and closing matches have taken place in the city.

On May 12, 2008, a series of riots began in the township of Alexandra in the northeast of Johannesburg when residents attacked migrants from Mozambique, Malawi and Zimbabwe, killing two and injuring 40. The riots triggered the xenophobic attacks of 2008. New riots in 2019 were similar in nature and origin to the 2008 xenophobic riots.

Situation

The largest city in the former Transvaal region, Johannesburg has been located in the new province of Gauteng since 1994.

Since Johannesburg was founded on particularly arid land following the discovery of a gold deposit, it is not crossed by any natural water stream, and has no drinking water nearby. This has forced the South African government to design a complex system for delivering drinking water from Lesotho to the heart of the metropolis.

The city is located some 31 miles south of Pretoria, the country's capital. South Africa has three capitals: Pretoria, administrative capital, Cape Town, parliamentary capital and Bloemfontein, legal capital.

Climate

Johannesburg has an oceanic climate tempered by its 1,650 m of altitude. It enjoys quite mild temperatures in the day (around 28° to 30° in summer and 10° to 20° in winter) but quite cold in the evening (around 15°C in summer and can go below zero in winter).

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White urban culture.

A resident of Soweto.

According to the 2001 census, the population of the Johannesburg municipality is more than 3 million inhabitants for a territory of 1,644 km² representing a density of 1,962 inhabitants /km²). Johannesburg alone has around 710,000 inhabitants. Its agglomeration covering a large part of the province of Gauteng now extends to Pretoria, with nearly 10,000,000 inhabitants, making it the fourth African agglomeration after Lagos, Kinshasa and Cairo.

The black population is approximately 73%, the white population is 16%, the Métis population is 6% and the Asian population is 4%.

By the end of apartheid, in the 1990's, whites had retreated to the northern suburbs. Soweto, the symbolic township, has become a refuge for the black middle class. The poorest converged to the inner city: Hillbrow, Berea or Yeoville. Thousands of poor families or African migrants seeking work crowd into slums but live daily at the mercy of eviction.

The city has 42% of its population under the age of 24 and 37% of its population unemployed. Of these, 91% are black.

Only 0.7% of the working population works in mines (compared to 19% in the services sector and 18% in the financial sector).

The most widely spoken language is Nguni (34%) followed by South Sotho (26%), English (19%) and Afrikaans (8%).

There are 7% illiterate, compared to 29% of graduates of the only secondary school (high school), while 14% of the population has attended university.

The city's population is predominantly Christian (53%), compared to 24% of atheists and agnostics, 14% of various African churches, 3% of Muslims, 1% of Jews and Hindus.

In May 2008, Johannesburg witnessed violent anti-immigrant riots in slums that killed more than 50 people, left thousands homeless and displaced thousands of illegal immigrants.

The population of the entire Johannesburg metropolitan area is 8 million, making it one of the 35 most populated metropolitan areas in the world.

View of Nelson Mandela Bridge and Johannesburg city center from the central district of Braamfontein.

Old Status

Prior to 1994, the city of Johannesburg was divided administratively between eleven local authorities (seven white and four black or mixed-race). The seven white administrations self-financed at 90% and spent $93 per person, while the four black administrations self-financed at only 10% and spent only $15 per person.

The municipal demarcation of the city of Johannesburg was redefined in 1995 to include black neighborhoods and a post-apartheid municipal council was created. It adopts the motto "one city, one taxpayer" to mark its goal of treating the unequal distribution of income and taxes. The incomes of traditionally white and prosperous neighborhoods must be provided to the poorest neighborhoods. The city is divided into four districts, each with territorial autonomy and local authority under the control of a metropolitan central council. In addition, ridings are being changed to include wealthy neighborhoods like Sandton and Randburg, and poor neighboring townships like Soweto.

In 1999, Johannesburg appointed a manager for the city to improve its poor financial situation. The latter, together with the city council, is developing a strategic reform plan called "Igoli 2002". The city went from quasi-insolvency to a surplus of Rand 153 million (USD 23.6 million).

New Status

The city of Johannesburg is now being merged with the municipality created in 2000 and comprises eleven administrative regions.

Administrative regions of Johannesburg.

Before 2000, the mayor's office was mostly ceremonial. He was elected for one year among the councilors. Since 2000, it has really become an executive function and its holder, proposed by the provincial leadership of the majority party, is elected by the municipal council.

In the municipal elections on 1 March 2006, the ANC again won with 62% of the vote (136 seats), compared to more than one third of the votes for the Democratic Alliance (59 seats). In the 2011 municipal elections, the ANC was again the winner and chose Mpho Parks Tau (ANC) councilor to succeed Masondo. In August 2016, a non-ANC candidate, Herman Mashaba (Democratic Alliance), became mayor of the Johannesburg municipality, supported by six opposition parties (totaling 144 out of 270 seats), to block the ANC candidate, who came ahead in the municipal elections but did not obtain an absolute majority of the seats (45) % of the votes against 38 % in the DA). This is the first time since 1995 and the first time since the creation of the current unified metropolis in 2000 that the ANC does not control Johannesburg. In November 2019, Mashaba resigned. The ANC took over the city council and elected Geoff Makhubo on 4 December.

Mayors

Johannesburg has been undergoing renovations since the beginning of the 2000s, motivated by the organization of the 2010 World Cup in South Africa.

The most visible facet of this transformation is a reconquest of the city center by investors and the wealthiest. Empty and dilapidated office buildings are transformed into luxurious apartments and lofts. One of the symbols of this renewal is the new look at the Ponte City Tower; good address in the 1970s, it is gradually being abandoned to illicit activities and crime; in the 1990s, there was even talk of turning it into a prison, before returning to a more classic renovation project. The city tries to attract a rich clientele of white and black people, who are on their way to regaining the center of Johannesburg, after major renovations.

The municipality is encouraging this regenialization movement, also with a focus on safety. Though not perfect, the crime rate (or feeling of crime) seems to be declining. More than 300 security cameras help the police effectively, scrutinizing the entire city center and most hot spots. In order to clean up the city center, the city has forced the demolished buildings of their inhabitants to be evacuated by force. The latter cannot return once evicted, as the buildings have since been transformed into luxurious accommodation with unaffordable rent. The poor, mostly black, are forced into exile in dilapidated suburbs.

Odonymia

In the ^21st century, the city experienced many changes in its name as to its streets.

Suburbs

The suburbs reflect the diversity of Johannesburg. To the north are the upscale districts represented by the business center in Sandton, Melrose, Four ways, Rivonia...

In the southwest, the famous Soweto township (SOuth WEst TOwnship) is a legacy of apartheid.

The building of the Johannesburg Court of Appeal.

Johannesburg is one of the safest cities in the world in peacetime, especially in the city center. The city is often cited in studies for having one of the highest homicide rates in the world. There's an average of 20 murders a day. Most of the population in the area is from the miserable townships, which also have high crime rates.

Middle- and upper-class people live in houses protected by high fences, equipped with barbed wire, electric wires, and monitored by private security companies. In poor neighborhoods like Hillbrow and surrounding townships, violence is high. Brick houses are not always protected by barbed wire fences. Steel sheet houses are generally unprotected.

In the ^21st century, mining is no longer the main sector of the local economy. The expansion of services, as well as the construction of an international airport, has made Johannesburg a city of prime importance for African and global trade. Johannesburg (Gauteng) accounts for 40% of South Africa's GDP.

The legacy of apartheid has sustained a housing crisis for black people who are seriously affected by unemployment, which the government says is around 40%, fueling resentment against immigrants who are accused of raking jobs, lowering the cost of labor, and even increasing crime. Thabo Mbeki's government, which succeeded Nelson Mandela, underestimated the crisis in neighboring Zimbabwe. This crisis has precipitated three million illegal immigrants across the border. Income disparities and racial tensions create major insecurity in the downtown, deserted by white people, and abandoned by investors. This city center is currently trying to restructure itself around a new administrative and cultural district dedicated to tourism.

• Johannesburg Town Hall.

• High Court of South Africa, local division of Gauteng in 1988

• Post of Rissik Street in 1988.

• Rissik Street Post in 2011.

The city center (formerly the Central Business District, CBD) consists of around a hundred Art Deco buildings from the 1930s and 1940s. The most important are on Main Street, Commissioner Street (Federal Hotel and Broadcast House), Loveday and Commissioner (Union Castle Building). A dozen other Art Deco buildings could soon be demolished to make way for new administrative complexes. These are the buildings located on Beyers Naudé Square (formerly DF Malan) that had housed the Rand Water Board, Colonial Bank and Volkskas Bank.

Eight kilometers south of Johannesburg, instead of a former mine well operated from 1887 to 1971, is Gold Reef City, an amusement park based on the atmosphere of the city at the beginning of the ^20th century when mining was expanding.

Johannesburg also has a 54-hectare zoo, which changed from a small public park in 1904 to a large park; its entrance is located on one of the most important avenue, which crosses Johannesburg from north to south, Jan Smuts Avenue. Opposite the zoo is a large park surrounding an artificial lake, Zoo Lake.

In 2004, South African artist Guy Tillim produced a series of photographs illustrating the abandonment of the city, entitled Jo'burg (2004).

Museums

Many museums are worth visiting (not an exhaustive list):

• The Joburg Art Museum, (Joburg Art Gallery), one of the largest art galleries in the subcontinent.
• The Museum Africa, mainly built around South African history and culture.
• The Apartheid Museum, opened in 2001.
• The James Hall Museum of Transport, the most comprehensive museum on transportation in South Africa.
• The Hector Pieterson Memorial and Museum, collecting, retaining and interpreting documents relating to the memory, heritage and history of the national uprisings, beginning in 1976. Since its creation in 2002, it has developed a diverse collection of oral testimonies, historical documents and material culture related to the uprisings.
• The Bensusan Museum of Photography, to discover the history, techniques and photographic material, but also the work of the photographers, especially concerning South Africa.
• The Geology Museum and the Bleloch Geological Museum, to discover, in addition to the history of the planet, the geological heritage of South Africa.
• The Origins Center, a museum presenting the history of the origins of mankind, but also of rock art in South Africa, located within the University of the Witwatersrand.
• The Workers' Museum, whose exhibition, centered on the period 1900-1970, reveals the difficulties faced by migrant workers.
• The Constitution Hill Museum, site of the famous Old Fort prison. The old cells were transformed into a museum; it is also possible to visit the old fort, the Constitutional Court and an art collection.
• The museum of military history offers, among other things, a visit to a large collection of weapons and war vehicles.
• Mandela House, Soweto.
• The SAB World of Beer, museum of South African Breweries (brewery).
• The ABSA Group Museum, dedicated to the history of the banking giant ABSA and the development of the currency in South Africa.
• The Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, also known as the James Kitching Gallery, a small museum of paleontology, located within the University of the Witwatersrand
• The CE Moss Herbarium, a rich botanical museum with more than 100,000 specimens, located within the University of the Witwatersrand.
• The Anthropology Museum and Resource Center, an anthropological museum located within the University of the Witwatersrand.
• The Wits University Zoology Museum, the only natural history museum in Johannesburg, located within the University of the Witwatersrand.
• The Adler Museum of Medicine, a museum of medicine that houses a remarkable collection of medical and pharmacological souvenirs, located within the University of Witwatersrand.

Johannesburg is connected to all major cities in the country by air or road.

Airports

OR Tambo International Airport (which was named Jan Smuts from 1952 to 1995) is the main gateway for foreign travelers to South Africa. With a state-of-the-art terminal, it has seen nine million passengers pass by a year, making it Africa's first airport. Since October 27, 2006, Johannesburg International Airport has been named Oliver Tambo. This decision, which followed a long controversy, was perceived by the opponents as a challenge to the government's argument in 1995 that the South African airports should now be given only geographical names.

The national airline South African Airways, with a large fleet of large carriers, has a very large global network to Europe, the Far East and Australia. It also serves several American cities, such as Washington and New York. Its subsidiary, South African Airlink, serves, like other low-cost companies, all South African cities.

The city is also connected to Johannesburg-Lanseria airport.

Railway

The Johannesburg City Rail connects central Johannesburg to Soweto, Pretoria, and most of the satellite towns along the Witwatersrand. It carries a large number of passengers every day.

However, its infrastructure dates back to the late ^19th century and covers only the oldest areas in the south of the city. Johannesburg grew up largely in the north and none of the northern areas, including the business district, nor those of Sandton, Midrand, Randburg and Rosebank, are served by the railway.

Gautrain

The Gautrain, a fast rail link, is designed to relieve traffic on the N1 motorway between Johannesburg and Pretoria, which has a daily traffic of 160,000 vehicles. Construction began in October 2006; the inauguration took place on june 8, 2010, a few days before the start of the football world cup. It connects Johannesburg to Pretoria, Sandton and Johannesburg International Airport. It has underground and aerial stations. It crosses Joubert Park, Rosebank, Sandton, Midrand and enters Pretoria. It is the first innovative railway system built in South Africa since 1977.

Buses and taxis

Johannesburg is served by a fleet of buses operated by Metrobus, a business association. It has a park of about 550 single buses, as well as double-decker buses, providing 84 different routes. This includes 200 modern buses (150 imperial buses and 50 single ones), manufactured by Volvo, Scania and Marcopolo/Brasa in 2002. The Metrobus fleet carries about 20 million passengers per year. The company also operates a number of open-top buses in the City Slicker, using them to make guided tours around the city.

In addition, there are a number of private operators who focus mainly on long distance bus routes and group trips.

There are also minibus taxis in Johannesburg which are the most popular mode of transport for the majority of the population. These taxis are often of poor quality and drivers are inexperienced. However, in view of the high demand, they are the main means of transport for the less favored.

Motorways

Johannesburg is at the heart of a complex motorway network that connects it to the capital Pretoria in 25 minutes, the country's second city, Cape Town, and the parliamentary capital, Bloemfontein, by the N1. The coastal towns of the Indian Ocean such as Durban, Port Elizabeth or East London are served by the N2. Other destinations, safari places, national parks, nature reserves... are located at the end of secondary highways.

Johannesburg, like Los Angeles, is a young city and suitable for private car transport. It lacks an adequate system of public transport. A significant number of the city's residents depend on taxis or informal minibuses.

The fact that Johannesburg was not built around a navigable river conditioned the mode of transport inside and outside the city; the majority of the transit of people and goods is by road.

The Johannesburg beltway is made up of three motorways that converge on the city, forming a 50-mile loop around it: the eastern N3 deviation, which connects Johannesburg to Durban; the western N1 deviation, which connects Johannesburg to Pretoria and Cape Town; the southern N12 deviation, which connects Johannesburg to Witbank and Kimberley. The device is frequently congested. The Gillooly interchange is considered the most frequented in the southern hemisphere.

Grand Hall of the East Campus of the University of the Witwatersrand.

Of international renown, the University of the Witwatersrand (or Wits), established in Johannesburg since 1904, is a center of higher education offering medical, scientific and artistic training; it attracts students at the regional and national levels. The lessons are taught in English.

The University of Johannesburg was founded in 2005 as a result of the reunion of the Soweto and East Rand campuses of Vista University with the Rand Afrikaans University, and its merger with the Tecknikon Witwatersrand. The lessons are taught equally in English and Afrikaans, the result of a long struggle under apartheid to deliver education in English at the expense of Afrikaans, a language exclusively white and half-timbered in tradition.

Johannesburg is one of the few cities to have an epigraphic study center, whose work is based on the study of South African engravings. She takes part in the so-called epigraphic competitions that bring together the different schools of the same kind.

Primary and secondary education is organized in 12 years and is completed by obtaining a certificate of validation of acquired, similar to the French baccalaureate. The school year runs from February to November, and the big holidays cover December-January, summer. The priority of South African education is simultaneous learning of languages, science and sport. The uniform is required. Tuition is paid and not mixed.

Johannesburg also includes a large network of international schools and high schools supported by various countries including France, Germany, Portugal, the United States, Australia, Israel and Libya.

Among places of worship, there are mainly Christian churches and temples: Christian Church of Zion, Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa, Assemblies of God, Southern African Baptist Union (World Baptist Alliance), Methodist Church of Southern Africa (World Methodist Council), Anglican Church of Southern Africa (Anglican Communion), Presbyterian Church of Africa (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Archdiocese of Johannesburg (Catholic Church) .. There are also Muslim mosques and Hindu temples.

The rugby stadium in XV Ellis Park is located in Johannesburg. The World Cup final was held there in 1995 with the Springboks winning over the All Blacks. President Nelson Mandela, the first black person in South Africa, presented the trophy to South African captain Francois Pienaar. Nelson Mandela was dressed in a national team jersey for the occasion with the captain's number 6.

The Soccer City stadium hosted the 2010 World Cup final on Sunday, July 11. It can accommodate nearly 95,000 spectators.

A 250 Series professional tennis tournament is held annually.

Twinning

The city of Johannesburg is twinned with:

Alphabetical order of the surname.

• Peter Abrahams, English-language South African novelist (1919-2017).
• Kevin Anderson, tennis player
• Cyril Axelrod, deaf-blind Catholic priest.
• Neil Bloomkamp, director of District 9, Elysium and Chappie.
• Johnny Clegg died there on July 16, 2019.
• Michael Coetzee, rugbyman.
• Sharlto Copley, actor born in 1973.
• Mary Crockett, pastor born in 1962
• Ernie Els, a golfer born in 1969.
• Dean Geyer, actor born in 1986.
• Trevor Hall, rugbyman.
• Wikus van Heerden, rugbyman.
• Cariba Heine, Australian actress: she was born there in 1988.
• Robert Hunter, a former South African cycling runner, is currently the sports director of the Cannondale-Garmin team.
• Butch James, rugbyman.
• Peter de Klerk, a car driver, died there in 2015.
• Olaf Kolzig, former NHL goalkeeper born in 1970.
• Shannon Kook-Chun, actor, was born there in 1987.
• Charl McLeod, rugbyman.
• Nelson Mandela 1st President of the Republic of South Africa died there on December 5, 2013.
• Thuli Madonsela, a lawyer and mediator of the Republic of South Africa, was born there in 1962.
• Barbara Masekela, born in a township of the city, teacher, poet, activist and South African ambassador.
• Monica Mason, dancer and dance teacher born in 1941
• Dave Matthews, musician and singer born in 1967.
• Fiona Melrose, a South African novelist born in Johannesburg in 1973.
• Steve Nash, a basketball player born in 1974.
• Lauretta Ngcobo, a novelist, died there in 2015.
• Robyn Orlin, the contemporary dance choreographer, was born there in 1955.
• Joyce Piliso-Seroke, a South African feminist, was born there in 1933.
• Colleen Piketh, born there on December 26, 1972, is an international South African bakery player.
• Sasha Pieterse, actress, model, singer and dancer born in 1996.
• Jackie Pretorius, a car driver, died there in 2009.
• Tabita Rezaire contemporary artist and professor of feminist yoga
• Lindy Rodwell, a zoologist, was born there in 1962.
• Jonathan "JR" Rotem, American producer: he was born there in 1975.
• Seether, rock band.
• Doug Serrurier, a car driver, died there in 2006.
• Troye Sivan, singer, actor and YouTubeur.
• Phyllis Spira, a dancer, was born there in 1948.
• Crisjan Van der Westhuizen, rugbyman.
• Jake White, rugby coach born in 1963.
• Justine Waddell, an actress born in 1976.